As drought conditions worsened on the Western Slope, the National Weather Service has issued its first “extremely critical” fire danger warning in 15 years for northwest Colorado.
The warning, in effect through midnight, covers parts of Moffat and Rio Blanco counties that also are in a state of “exceptional drought,” according to the weekly U.S. Drought Monitor report.
About 45% of Colorado, all west of the Continental Divide, now is in some state of drought, with 17.5% falling into the category of exceptional drought, up from 16.4% last week. Most of western Colorado, stretching from the Wyoming border south to New Mexico, falls into the two most severe categories, making the region at risk for extreme damage to crops, blows to the outdoor recreational industry and large wildfires.
Another period of unseasonably hot conditions for northwest Colorado is forecast for the coming week, with temperatures likely to reach potentially record-breaking highs in the 100s, starting Sunday, according to the weather service.
The heat wave has set the stage for wildfires, said Peter Goble, a climatologist with the Colorado Climate Center.
“When you’re looking at low water supplies to begin with, you kind of hate to see these heat waves because it ramps up the rate at which the crops and forested areas use the water they received during the spring,” Goble said.
2:35pm CDT #SPC Day2 #FireWX Extremely Critical: portions of northeast utah into far northwest colorado https://t.co/OIf8uk7xip pic.twitter.com/6WJaigCpGX
— NWS Storm Prediction Center (@NWSSPC) June 9, 2021
In Montezuma County, the far southwestern corner, in southwestern Montezuma County, reached the “critical” stage, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration report.
Board of County Commissioners on June 1 declared a disaster emergency because of persistent exceptional drought conditions.
The order says the purpose “is to activate the response and recovery aspects of any and all applicable local and interjurisdictional disaster emergency plans, and to authorize the furnishing of aid and assistance under such plans.”
Recent winters in Southwest Colorado have seen below-average snowpack, and a lack of monsoonal rains has depleted soil moisture. The lack of precipitation has left reservoirs unfilled this year, a devastating impact for the agricultural economy.
“No water, no crops, no revenue,” said county emergency manager Jim Spratlen. “With the (disaster) declaration, we can go for some assistance.”
McPhee Reservoir irrigators will receive just 5% to 10% of their normal allocation this year, leaving thousands of acres fallow.
Along the Western Slope, red flag warnings have become the norm, and on Thursday, the weather service said that wind gusts between 35 to 55 mph could make a potential wildfire difficult to control, especially in northwest Colorado.
While Goble said he wasn’t ready to declare the fire conditions this summer as dangerous as they were last year, the risk is definitely high. Last year, the state saw three of the worst wildfires on record, including the Cameron Peak fire, which scorched more than 208,000 acres.
“I think that we’re in a more dangerous situation than normal and we need to be prepared for a bad fire season,” Goble said. “I’m not ready to call it another 2020.”
Because last year was so dry, causing below-average soil moisture at higher elevations, a higher amount of snowpack is needed to replenish the soil before the water can run off to fill the rivers, Goble said.
“Our forested areas were very stressed last summer as we had an unprecedented fire season. And then we had below normal snowpack this year. So you know, the forests are gonna take all they can get out of that snow melt,” the climatologist said.
Decent rainfall during the monsoon season in late July and August could provide some relief, Goble said, but “won’t fix the situation.”
One of the drought’s great impacts can be seen along the Yampa River, which flows through northwest Colorado, Goble said. For the third time since 2018, farmers who rely on the river to irrigate crops are required to reduce their usage. The river’s flows have dropped significantly over the years as the drought has dragged on, he said.
“It was a river that for many, many years was somewhat magic, and even when Colorado was in drought, there were never curtailments enforced in terms of how much folks who have water rights on the river could irrigate,” he said.
In Southwest Colorado, the Dolores River’s flow rate on June 13 dropped to 331 cubic feet per second and has steadily fallen toward the historic low of 58 cfs, set in 2018. Average flow rate for June 13 is 1,430 cfs.
The Animas River’s flow rate on June 13 was 1,640 cfs, placing it near the 25 percentile for the date. The river’s historic low is 355 cfs, and its average is 3,000 cfs.
